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Donald Ogden Stewart (November 30, 1894 - August 2, 1980) was an American author and screenwriter, best known for his sophisticated golden era comedies and melodramas, such as ''The Philadelphia Story'' (based on the play by Philip Barry), ''Tarnished Lady'' and ''Love Affair''. Stewart worked with a number of the great directors of his time, including George Cukor (a frequent collaborator), Michael Curtiz and Ernst Lubitsch. Stewart was also a member of the Algonquin Round Table, and the model for Bill Gorton in ''The Sun Also Rises'' by Ernest Hemingway. ==Life== His hometown was Columbus, Ohio. He graduated from Yale University, where he became a brother to the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Phi chapter), in 1916 and was in the Naval Reserves in World War I. After the war he started to write, and found success with ''A Parody Outline of History'', a satire of ''The Outline of History'' (1920) by H. G. Wells. This led him to becoming a member of the Algonquin Round Table. Around that time a friend of his got him interested in theater and he became a noted playwright on Broadway in the 1920s. He was friends with Dorothy Parker, Robert Benchley, George S. Kaufman, and Ernest Hemingway, who based Bill Gorton in ''The Sun Also Rises'') on Stewart. In 1924, he wrote ''Mr. and Mrs. Haddock Abroad'' for the publishing house George H. Doran. It was a snarky send up of the ugly American tourist. He became interested in adapting some of his plays to film, but on first entering Hollywood he had to adapt the plays of others as his own were initially shelved. Once there he mostly wrote, but he also had a small part in the film ''Not So Dumb''. By the 1930s he had become known primarily as a screenwriter and won an Academy Award for ''The Philadelphia Story'' (1940). As World War II approached, he became a member of the Hollywood ''Anti-Nazi League'', and admitted to being a member of the CPUSA at one of its public meetings. During the Second Red Scare Stewart was blacklisted in 1950 and the following year he and his wife, activist and writer Ella Winter (they had married in 1939), emigrated to England. In 1968, he signed the “Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War.〔“Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” January 30, 1968 ''New York Post''〕 His 1975 memoir is entitled ''By a Stroke of Luck.'' He died in London in 1980. His widow died the same year. Stewart had two sons from a previous marriage.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Donald Ogden Stewart」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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